All you need to know about test cases

 Test Case Design 

• Test case design refers to how you set-up your test cases. It is important that your tests are designed well, or you could fail to identify bugs and defects in your software during testing.
• It is responsibility of a tester to design the test cases.
• To design the test cases tester should :
• Understand the requirement 
• Identify the scenario
• Design the test case 
• Review the test case 
• Update the test case based on review 

How to create good test cases 

• Test Cases need to be simple steps, transparent and easy to understand.
• Each and every test case should be traceable and it should be linked to “Requirement ID”.
• Test cases should have only necessary and valid steps(Brief And Short) .
• Implement Testing Techniques – Positive And Negative Test Cases
• Test cases should be written in such a way that it should be easy to maintain.
• Test cases should cover the usability aspects in terms of ease of use.
• Different set of test cases should be prepared for the basic performance testing like multi-user operations and capacity testing.
• Test cases for Security aspects should be cover for example user permission, session management, logging methods.

Test cases Design Format:

Follow below steps to create Test cases 

Test Case Id : It is a unique number to represent each test cases. It’s good practice to follow some naming convention for better understanding and discrimination purposes. Like   Tc_proj_module_number(001)

For example: Tc_Yahoo_Inbox_001

Test Scenario :  A Test Scenario is defined as any functionality that can be tested. It is a collective set of test cases which helps the testing team to determine the positive and negative characteristics of the project. Test Scenarios are derived from test documents such as BRS and SRS.

Test Cases : A Test Case is a set of actions executed to verify a particular feature or functionality of your application. Test Cases are focused on what to test and how to test. Test Case is mostly derived from test scenarios.

Precondition :  The condition to be satisfied to test the requirement. Conditions that need to meet before executing the test case.

Priority :  The importance of the test case is called priority. It is a parameter to decide the order in which defects should be fixed. Priority means how fast defect has to be fixed.

Test Steps :   Test Steps describe the execution steps. To execute test cases, you need to perform some actions. Each step is marked pass or fail based on the comparison result between the expected and actual outcome.

Test Data:  It is data created or selected to satisfy the execution preconditions and inputs to execute one or more test cases. We need proper test data to execute the test steps.

Expected result :  The output result as per customer requirement (As per SRS or FRS). The result which we expect once the test cases were executed. 

Post Condition :  Conditions that need to achieve when the test case was successfully executed.

Actual Result :  The output result in the application once the test case was executed. Capture the result after the execution. Based on this result and the expected result, we set the status of the test case.

Status :  The status as Pass or Fail based on the expected result against the actual result. If the actual and expected results are the same, mention it as Passed. Else make it as Failed. If a test fails, it has to go through the bug life cycle to be fixed.

Other important fields of a test case template:

Project Name: Name of the project the test cases belong to.

Module Name: Name of the module the test cases belong to.

Reference Document: Mention the path of the reference documents (if any such as Requirement Document, Test Plan , Test Scenarios, etc.,)

Author (Created By) : Name of the Tester who created the test cases.

Date of Creation: When the test cases were created.

Date of Review: When the test cases were reviewed.

Reviewed By: Name of the Tester who created the test cases.

Executed By: Name of the Tester who executed the test case.

Date of Execution: When the test case was executed.

Comments: Include value information which helps the team.

Please refer below video on test cases:

Please refer below video on real time test case template: